The Importance Of New Anti-TB Drugs - 1143 Words

New anti-TB drugs There is an urgent needed new anti-TB drug because of the complexity and toxicity of the first- and second-line TB drugs regimen but main problem is drug resistance. It is an enormous significance, the recent past few years have been discovered in the number of new anti-TB compounds and drugs in the pipeline, when a long time any drug did not discover. Recently, plenty numbers of drug candidates in the different stages under trials e.g. lead optimization stage, preclinical development, phase II and phase III clinical trials (Fig. 1). Bedaquiline (TMC-207, Bdq), Bdq, a diarylquinoline, inhibits of mycobacterial ATP synthase (Andries et al., 2005; Koul et al., 2007). It has inhibitory activity against both active and†¦show more content†¦It also can be used for the treatment of both drug sensitive and drug resistant TB. Prm is now under clinical trial III (fig. 1) in combination with moxifloxacin, linezolid (NCT02333799) and pyrazinamide (NCT02342886) and a multidrug regimen of moxifloxacin, bedaquiline, clofazimine (NCT02589782) and linezolid (Butler et al., 2016). Prm is prodrug that need to be metabolic activation by a deazaflavin (cofactor F420)-dependent nitroreductase (Ddn) (Manjunatha et al., 2006). It inhibits mycolic acids synthesis, which are constituents of the cell envelope of M. tuberculosis. Diacon et al. (2012, 2014, 2015) evaluated as a regimen composed of pretomanid for the 14-day early bactericidal activity, combined activity of moxifloxacin and pyrazinamide, to be significantly higher than that of bedaquiline only, combined of bedaquiline and pyrazinamide and combined of bedaquiline and pretomanid (but not combined of pretomanid and pyrazinamide. Surprisingly, additing of pyrazinamide increased the activity in case of both bedaquiline and pretomanid. Mutations in ddn (Rv3547), encoded by the deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase, and fgd1 (Rv0407), encoded by the F420-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, are the most mechanism of resistance to Prm (Manjunatha et al., 2006). A very recently Haver et al. (2015) assayed drug metabolism genes for potential mutations resistant to Prm andShow MoreRelatedMolecular Biology Of Drug Resistance In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Research Report799 Words   |  4 Pagestreatment for TB. In patients who had never received treatment or who had received treatment for less than a month, their multidrug resistance is defined by the presence of a resistant strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis and in patients that have been previously treated, it is characte rised by the failure and relapse (Dhole et al., 2017). Research has also found that there are different strains of multidrug resistant TB, that some strains of MDR-TB may present a resistance to one drug while othersRead MoreThe Continuing Education Program About Outbreak Of Tuberculosis888 Words   |  4 PagesIt is related to course objective 5 â€Å"Apply biostatistical, epidemiological, and research finding to enhance the delivery of evidence based nursing care.† Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease that remains one of the serious infections in the world. In 1990, the World Health Organization estimated that approximately 8 million new cases were active worldwide, the vast majority of which were in developing countries (WHO, 1990). Nearly three million people die annually from this disease. The goalRead MoreNurses And Nursing Interventions Help Increase The Cure Of Patients Diagnose With Tuberculosis Disease?1706 Words   |  7 Pagespatients I – Empower nurses with new evidence based practices and redirect their nursing practice skills towards early diagnosis of TB disease. Educate the society to be aware of TB disease and encourage them to seek medical help when experiencing any signs of TB. And provide resources to patients on Anti-TB Drugs to help them adherence with their medication. C - Will nurses’ involvement on TB treatment make or not make an impact on TB cure. O – Nurse will learned more about TB disease and their involvementRead MoreThe And Treatment Of Tuberculosis1111 Words   |  5 Pagesdiagnoses and treatment of Tuberculosis (â€Å"TB†). In Cambodia many TB cases go undetected or untreated, and insufficient information is being distributed to the citizens, especially those living in rural areas. This project aims to address the causes, signs, symptoms, and treatment of TB so that the general population will have a better understanding of this deadly disease. The project will also inform community personnel—such as nuns, monks and other organizations—about TB since they are the first points ofRead MoreA Study Of The Patterns, Causes, And Effects Of Health And Disease Conditions1515 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen infected with tuberculosis and new infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacteria known as mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacteria is usually found in the lungs but can disseminate to other parts of the body like the brain, spine, bones and many more. TB can be deadly if improperly treated.TB can be spread by someone with the TB bacteria in the lungs, coughs it outRead MoreTb Notification Rate And Death Rate Of Hong Kong Essay1866 Words   |  8 Pageshigh TB notification rates in Hong Kong every year reveals the severity, reported statistics from CHP (CHP, 2016). Though there are decreasing TB notification cases, TB still puts pressure on Hong Kong’s citizens. In 1939, around 4,500 TB deaths report before the invasion by Japan, which made TB become a notifiable disease (DH, 2006). During the World War II, the unstable social conditions, poor nutrition, and serious overcrowding in Hong Kong increased the number of cases who died from TB (DH, 2006)Read MoreBeing Infected with Tuberculosis2347 Words    |  9 PagesTB is a disease that infect mostly human’s lung. It can spread through air way. This can be done through coughing or sneezing from TB patients. The bacteria travel in the air and infect healthy people. This disease is commonly occurring in low income countries, deprived areas and big cities in a developed country. There are some factors that contribute to TB which are immigration, social inequalities, HIV infection and misuse of drugs or alcohol (Millet et al., 2012). The TB incidence is increasingRead MoreThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program1387 Words   |  6 Pagescultural rights of the whole population and not just of citizens (WHO, 2003). The main ethical and legal issue for the family member with TB is that TB is becoming more prevalent among migrant workers and TB is becoming more resistant to the drugs that treat it (WHO, 2008). Some government programs do not want to spend money on testing for drug resistant TB. The key ethical and legal concern for the family member that is dealing with alcohol abuse is figuring out how a healthcare worker can inquireRead MoreHigh Tb Notification Rate Of Hong Kong1854 Words   |  8 Pages high TB notification rate in Hong Kong every year reveals the severity, reported statistics from CHP (CHP, 2016). Though there are decreasing TB notification cases, TB still put pressure on Hong Kong’s citizens. In 1939, around 4,500 TB deaths report before the invasion by Japan, which made TB become a notifiable disease (DH, 2006). During the World War II, the unstable social conditions, poor nutrition, and serious overcrowding in Hong Kong increased the number of cases who died from T B (DH, 2006)Read MoreTuberculosis, Important Determinants, And The Health System3486 Words   |  14 Pages退å   ÃªÅ¸â€¦ription This section highlights the extent and dimensions of tuberculosis, important determinants, and the health system and/or public health program initiatives that are in place to address the issues. Tuberculosis Tuberculosis or TB as it is commonly known, is an infection caused by bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a communicable disease caused by bacteria affecting the lungs, and it spreads when infection airborne droplets, produced when a person with tuberculosis of